April 25, 2023
If you have a horse of your own or work with horses, it’s important to understand what happens to them when they get too hot. In a climate change world, horse cooling matters more than ever before. Here’s what you need to know about equine overheating, fresh from your experts in equine evaporative cooling. How and why horses get too hot – and what to do about it Horses have sweat glands all over their skin. This helps keeps them cool through natural evaporative cooling, the same tech we adopt in our horse-cooling units. There’s more. They also stay cool by getting rid of excess heat quickly via dilated capillaries in their skin. If a horse gets so hot that the capillary action can’t keep up, it’ll start to sweat. If you see a horse whose coat has flattened, and who’s panting, it’s because they’ve got far too hot and they’re trying to cool back down in every way available to them. If the horse sweats a lot, their blood gets more concentrated as it loses water. The water in the blood is replaced by water from other places: the spaces between its cells, the gastrointestinal tract, the lungs, and the lymphatic system. If this starts to happen, it’s a bad sign because it means the horse is at risk of impaction colic, and of the stiff and spasming muscles involved in a condition called ‘tying up’. If the dehydration becomes acute they could need a few days of rest and drinking to recover. How do you know when a horse is getting dehydrated? When you gently pinch their skin at the point of the shoulder then release it, you can see if it’s elastic or takes ages to flatten out. The longer it takes the more dry the horse is. You can also carefully press a fingertip on the animal’s gums. Take your finger away to see a pale spot. Normally it’ll return to pink within a couple of seconds. If it’s still there after four seconds, the animal is dehydrated. Electrolytes are helpful, a set of minerals including calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate and phosphate, all of which are quickly lost when a horse sweats. Eating their normal food fixes this, but if it’s acute you might have to give them an electrolyte supplement to avoid fatigue, muscle tremors, heat stress and more. Which are the best foods for stocking up on lost electrolytes? Go for grass, hay, grains and special commercial feeds containing electrolytes. Sodium and chloride, both ingredients in table salt, are different. For that, you’ll need to give the horse a salt block to lick. What if all the other horses are sweating but yours isn’t? It can happen with thoroughbreds, which can suffer from an inability to sweat called anhidrosis, most common when the weather’s humid. In this case even a small amount of exercise can be dangerous. Watch out for a horse with a small amount of sweat around the mane or under the saddle and a dry coat, but who is breathing heavily through the mouth. If this happens it’s time to find shade and cool the horse down with cold water. A horse with heat exhaustion is an unhappy horse, and it can be deadly if they can’t cool themselves off in the usual ways. When the animal’s core temperature hits 104F its metabolic system will suffer, and anything over 105F can quickly lead to organ and circulatory system failure. Look out for sticky sweat, dark gums, a high pulse rate that’s also weak and irregular, depression, and rapid breathing that’s either unusually shallow or worryingly deep. If your horse develops heat exhaustion, call the vet immediately. Never give them an electrolyte paste, that’ll just make things worse. You can take the animal into the shade and douse it with cold water, then dry them off and repeat rather than waiting for the water to evaporate. Use ice packs on the big blood vessels running under their throat to cool their blood. You can also provide buckets of cold drinking water. The idea that letting a dry horse drink is dangerous and can result in colic is a dangerous myth. If there isn’t any water, lush grass will help because it contains as much as 90% water along with vital electrolytes. Harness our amazing specialist evaporative cooling tech for horses Obviously the best thing of all is not to let horses get too hot in the first place. That’s what we do at Equus Enviro . We use brilliant environmentally friendly evaporative cooling technology and filtration systems to keep stables beautifully cool. Our machines deliver a constant flow of clean filtered air even in the hottest weather. As well as keeping horses comfortable this helps avoid illnesses like strangles, influenza, asthma, and herpes viruses. If a horse does overheat, our machines provide the perfect conditions inside your stable for them to rest and recover quickly in a comfortable place where the air is always the way they like it: fresh, clean, and cool. Flexible installation options Fast and easy to retro-fit and perfect for new builds Work just as well in open-sided areas as well as fully-enclosed Small, neat units with a tiny CO2 footprint Quiet and draught-free Detailed free site evaluation Support getting Carbon Trust grants Expert installation Top class maintenance and training Hire our air cooler and filtration units if you prefer If that sounds good, why not book a site visit? You’ll find it fascinating – and as the climate gets ever-warmer, your equine friends will thank you for it!